Computer Architecture

What is Computer Architecture?

Computer architecture is the science and art of selecting and interconnecting hardware components to create a computer that meets functional, performance, and cost goals. It involves understanding how various parts of a computer work together to execute instructions, process data, and perform tasks.

Components of Computer Architecture

1. Central Processing Unit (CPU): Often referred to as the brain of the computer, the CPU is responsible for executing instructions. It consists of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and the Control Unit.
2. Memory: Memory is where data and instructions are stored for immediate access by the CPU. There are different types of memory, including Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read-Only Memory (ROM).
3. Input/Output (I/O) Devices: These devices allow the computer to communicate with the outside world. Examples include keyboards, mice, monitors, printers, and networking devices.
4. Bus: The bus is a communication system that transfers data between components within the computer. It consists of data buses, address buses, and control buses.