The Template Method Design Pattern is a behavioral design pattern that defines the skeleton of an algorithm in a base class but allows subclasses to override specific steps of the algorithm without changing its structure.

Intent

• Define the framework of an algorithm in a base class.
• Allow subclasses to provide specific implementations for one or more steps of the algorithm.

Key Concepts

1. Base Class (Template):
   • Contains the template method that defines the sequence of steps in an algorithm.
   • Implements some of the steps directly and defines placeholders (abstract or virtual methods) for steps that need to be customized.
2. Concrete Subclasses:
   • Implement the abstract or virtual steps of the algorithm.
   • Can override certain steps while adhering to the overall structure.

When to Use

• When multiple classes share the same overall behavior but differ in specific steps.
• To enforce a common structure for algorithms while allowing flexibility in implementation.
• When you want to promote code reuse and avoid duplicating common logic.